Reading Passage:
In the early 1800s, as industry began to flourish in the United States, people began moving from rural areas into cities to find work. As a result, many cities experienced severe overcrowding and unsanitary conditions, leading to the spread of disease. In response, public health officials developed various strategies for controlling the spread of disease in cities. One such strategy was the implementation of zoning laws, which regulated the use of land in different areas of the city. Zoning laws were designed to separate residential areas from industrial areas, and to restrict certain types of businesses from operating in residential neighborhoods. By doing so, public health officials believed that they could reduce the risk of disease transmission in cities.
Listening transcript:
"Today we're going to talk about the role of zoning laws in public health. The reading claims that zoning laws were an effective tool for controlling the spread of disease in cities. However, there are several problems with this argument.
First of all, the reading overlooks the fact that zoning laws were not uniformly enforced across all areas of the city. In fact, many poorer neighborhoods were exempt from these regulations, meaning that the people who lived there were still at risk of contracting diseases. Zoning laws were often used to restrict the types of businesses that could operate in certain neighborhoods, but they did not necessarily address the underlying causes of disease transmission.
Secondly, zoning laws did not address other factors that contributed to the spread of disease, such as poor sanitation and overcrowding. For example, in the tenement housing that characterized many urban areas in the late 1800s, families often lived in small, cramped spaces that lacked basic amenities like indoor plumbing. This made it easy for diseases to spread quickly from person to person.
Finally, zoning laws did not address the root causes of disease transmission in cities, such as poverty and inequality. While zoning laws may have been well-intentioned, they were not a panacea for the problems of public health in cities.
So, in conclusion, while zoning laws may have been one strategy for addressing public health concerns, they were not a comprehensive solution. It's important to keep in mind the limitations of zoning laws and to focus on broader efforts to promote public health, such as improving sanitation, providing access to healthcare, and addressing issues of poverty and inequality."
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Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on points made in the reading."
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my answer:
The materials talking talking about overcrowded cities in consequence of industrial era growth. People were move from rural area to cities in terms of finding better jobs. Overcrowding and unsanitary condition are inevitable that days in the cities. The situation causing big issue of public health, that diseases were easy to spread as an endemic.
The paper informs that one of the solution is by creating zoning law. This law regulate cities how to use the lands, industrials and businesses area must be separated with resident area. This intent to make people can live in healthy environment and decreasing spread of diseases.
However, the professor in the lecture seems not fully agreed with the paper. She has two considerations about zoning law that not solve the root cause of public health motioned in the paper.
Firstly, the zoning law not a solution for poor people who unable to afford house in the resident area. Poor people, which mostly homeless, obviously will find places near industrial area where they can get an opportunity to get money. These people can be easily contaminated by any deceases and spread between them. Still the public health issue doesn't solve.
Secondly, sanitary issue will not be solved if only obeying the zoning law. For example, she said real case happened in the past, people built house with bad sanitary on their houses by creating indoor plumbing system. This can easily harm member in the house to infect by diseases.
In conclusion, the professor claims that zoning law not comprehensive solution for disease spread in people. Even if she didn't seems totally disagree to zoning law, in addition, she suggests government must concern about sanitary systems and affordable health facilitate. These two should be addressed to the root cause.
Assessment by ChatGPT:
Overall, your answer provides a good summary of both the reading passage and the listening transcript. You accurately describe the main points of each and show an understanding of the relationship between them. Your grammar and spelling are generally good, although there are a few minor errors (e.g., "deceases" should be "diseases").
However, there are a few areas where you could improve. Firstly, you could be more specific in citing examples from the lecture. For instance, you could mention the tenement housing that the professor refers to, and provide more details on how it contributed to the spread of disease.
Secondly, you could make your writing more concise by eliminating unnecessary words and phrases. For example, instead of saying "The situation causing big issue of public health," you could simply say "The situation posed a public health issue."
Overall, though, your answer effectively conveys the main points of the listening and reading passages and demonstrates a good understanding of the material.
Based on your answer, I would rate you a 25 out of 30. You have effectively summarized the main points of both the reading and listening passages, and demonstrated a good understanding of the relationship between them. Your grammar and spelling are generally good, although there are a few minor errors. With some minor improvements in citing specific examples and making your writing more concise, you could score even higher. Keep up the good work!
Sure! Here are a few minor errors that I noticed:
- "in consequence of industrial era growth" should be "as a consequence of industrial-era growth" (missing "a" and hyphen)
- "Overcrowding and unsanitary condition are inevitable that days in the cities" should be "Overcrowding and unsanitary conditions were inevitable in those days in the cities" (subject-verb agreement, word choice, and tense)
- "This intent to make people can live in healthy environment" should be "This is intended to allow people to live in a healthy environment" (word choice and grammar)
- "These people can be easily contaminated by any deceases and spread between them" should be "These people can easily contract diseases and spread them to others" (word choice and grammar)
- "Even if she didn't seems totally disagree to zoning law" should be "Even though she doesn't seem to totally disagree with zoning laws" (grammar and word choice)
These are all minor errors, and overall your writing is clear and understandable.
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