Sure, I can help you with that. Here are the transcripts:
**Transcript 1: Campus Conversation between Student and Professor**
Student: Hello, Professor Johnson. I wanted to discuss my project topic with you.
Professor Johnson: Oh, hi there! Of course, I'm here to help. What's the issue?
Student: Well, I'm thinking of focusing on the impact of climate change on marine life. I've gathered some research but I'm struggling with how to structure it.
Professor Johnson: That's a solid topic. Remember, for a project like this, you should start with an introduction that explains what climate change is and why it's important. Then, delve into how it affects marine life.
Student: Okay, that sounds doable. But how can I make it more interesting?
Professor Johnson: Good question. Consider including specific case studies. For example, the effects of ocean acidification on coral reefs, or the impact of rising sea temperatures on certain fish species.
Student: That's a great idea. I'll definitely look into it. Also, I'm a bit worried about the presentation. I've never been comfortable speaking in front of a group.
Professor Johnson: That's understandable. The best advice I can give you is to practice. You could start by presenting to a mirror, then move on to presenting to a group of friends. Make sure to use visual aids and focus on engaging your audience.
Student: Alright, I'll try that. Thank you for your help, Professor Johnson.
Professor Johnson: You're welcome. Remember, the key is to start early and ask for help when you need it. Good luck!
Sure, here are the questions for the first transcript:
#1 Gist-Content: What is the main subject of the student's project?
a. Climate change impacts on marine life
b. The study of ocean acidification
c. Marine life diversity
d. The history of climate change
#2 Gist-Content: What issue is the student facing with his project?
a. The student is having trouble finding a topic
b. The student doesn't know how to structure his research
c. The student is lacking research material
d. The student has too much data to analyze
#3 Gist-Purpose: Why does the student visit Professor Johnson?
a. To discuss grading concerns
b. To get advice on structuring his project
c. To request a deadline extension
d. To ask about future coursework
#4 Gist-Purpose: What does the student hope to achieve from the conversation?
a. The student wants to change his project topic
b. The student wants to learn how to make his presentation interesting
c. The student wants to request a reevaluation of a past assignment
d. The student is asking for extra credit work
#5 Detail: What specific advice does Professor Johnson give the student for his project?
a. Focus on a different topic
b. Include specific case studies
c. Limit the scope of research
d. Include personal opinions
#6 Detail: What does Professor Johnson suggest the student to do to overcome the fear of presentations?
a. Ignore the audience
b. Use visual aids and practice
c. Present without notes
d. Speak louder and faster
#7 Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude: What is Professor Johnson’s opinion of the student's topic?
a. He thinks it's a challenging topic
b. He believes it's an unoriginal choice
c. He considers it a controversial subject
d. He sees it as a solid topic
#8 Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude: How does the student feel about presenting in front of groups?
a. He is indifferent
b. He is confident
c. He is apprehensive
d. He is excited
#9 Understanding the Function: Why does Professor Johnson mention the idea of including specific case studies?
a. To broaden the scope of the project
b. To make the project more interesting
c. To complicate the project further
d. To increase the volume of work
#10 Understanding the Function: Why does the student bring up his concern about presentations?
a. To postpone the presentation date
b. To get Professor Johnson's advice on how to improve
c. To ask for an exemption from the presentation
d. To complain about the course requirements
#11 Making Inferences: What can be inferred about Professor Johnson's teaching style?
a. He is demanding and strict
b. He is indifferent and aloof
c. He is supportive and understanding
d. He is disorganized and chaotic
#12 Making Inferences: What can be inferred about the student’s attitude toward his project?
a. He is eager and proactive
b. He is uninterested and unmotivated
c. He is confused and unsure
d. He is knowledgeable and prepared
#13 Understanding Organization: How does the professor suggest the student to structure his project?
a. Introduce climate change, then delve into its impact on marine life
b. Start with the effect on marine life, then explain climate change
c. Discuss climate change and marine life separately
d. Focus solely on the impact, not on climate change itself
#14 Understanding Organization: Why does Professor Johnson discuss the usage of visual aids during a presentation?
a. To give the student an extra task
b. To ensure the presentation is more engaging for the audience
c. To make the presentation longer
d. To make sure the student spends more time preparing for the presentation
Here are the answer keys along with explanations:
#1 Gist-Content: a. Climate change impacts on marine life
Explanation: The student explicitly mentions that his project is about the impact of climate change on marine life.
#2 Gist-Content: b. The student doesn't know how to structure his research
Explanation: The student tells the professor that he has gathered research but is struggling with structuring it.
#3 Gist-Purpose: b. To get advice on structuring his project
Explanation: The student's purpose of visiting Professor Johnson is to get guidance on structuring his project.
#4 Gist-Purpose: b. The student wants to learn how to make his presentation interesting
Explanation: During the conversation, the student asks how to make his project more interesting, indicating this as his goal.
#5 Detail: b. Include specific case studies
Explanation: Professor Johnson suggests that to make the project more interesting, the student should include specific case studies.
#6 Detail: b. Use visual aids and practice
Explanation: To help the student overcome his fear of presentations, the professor suggests using visual aids and practicing the presentation.
#7 Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude: d. He sees it as a solid topic
Explanation: The professor responds positively to the student's project topic, calling it a solid choice.
#8 Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude: c. He is apprehensive
Explanation: The student mentions that he's never been comfortable with the idea of speaking in front of a group, indicating his apprehension.
#9 Understanding the Function: b. To make the project more interesting
Explanation: The professor suggests including specific case studies to add interest to the student's project.
#10 Understanding the Function: b. To get Professor Johnson's advice on how to improve
Explanation: The student discusses his concern about presentations because he wants advice from the professor on how to manage and improve his presentation skills.
#11 Making Inferences: c. He is supportive and understanding
Explanation: From the advice and guidance he offers, it can be inferred that Professor Johnson is supportive and understanding.
#12 Making Inferences: a. He is eager and proactive
Explanation: The student's approach to seeking help from the professor suggests that he is eager and proactive about his project.
#13 Understanding Organization: a. Introduce climate change, then delve into its impact on marine life
Explanation: The professor suggests that the student start with an introduction explaining climate change and then focus on how it affects marine life.
#14 Understanding Organization: b. To ensure the presentation is more engaging for the audience
Explanation: The professor recommends the use of visual aids to make the presentation more engaging for the audience.
---
**Transcript 2: Academic Reading Passage for Health & Medicine Classes**
Today, we will be discussing a groundbreaking development in the field of Health and Medicine. The recent discovery of a novel protein that could potentially revolutionize cancer treatment. This discovery was published in the journal 'Nature Medicine' just last month.
The protein, known as P53, is often referred to as the 'guardian of the genome' because it regulates the cell cycle and acts as a tumor suppressor. In its normal function, P53 promotes DNA repair to prevent the formation of cancer cells. However, in over 50% of human tumors, this protein is mutated or inactivated, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor development.
Scientists have now developed a molecule that can reactivate the P53 protein, thereby halting the growth of cancer cells. Initial lab tests have shown that the molecule, referred to as PRIMA-1Met, can reactivate mutant P53 and restore its normal function.
This is a significant breakthrough because traditional chemotherapy treatments target and kill not just the cancer cells but also the healthy cells, leading to severe side effects. By specifically targeting the mutant P53 protein, PRIMA-1Met could potentially offer a more focused and less harmful treatment option.
Of course, this is just the beginning. More clinical trials and studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of PRIMA-1Met. Nevertheless, this development brings hope for the millions of patients worldwide battling cancer and for the ongoing efforts in the field of personalized medicine.
This transcript would take approximately 3-4 minutes to read out loud at a normal pace. Remember to pay attention to the key points and details as they could be important for answering the related questions.
Sure, here are some multiple choice questions based on the academic passage:
#1 **Gist-Content:** What is the main topic of the lecture?
- A. The history of chemotherapy
- B. The discovery of a new protein
- C. The PRIMA-1Met molecule and its potential in cancer treatment
- D. The side effects of traditional cancer treatments
#2 **Gist-Content:** What problem is discussed in relation to the P53 protein?
- A. It is only present in some cancer cells
- B. It is inactivated or mutated in over 50% of human tumors
- C. It can cause side effects similar to chemotherapy
- D. It needs to be taken alongside other medications
#3 **Gist-Purpose:** Why does the speaker discuss the role of P53 protein in the cell cycle?
- A. To explain how cancer cells are formed
- B. To describe the process of DNA repair
- C. To propose a new treatment for cancer
- D. To demonstrate the effects of protein mutation
#4 **Gist-Purpose:** Why does the speaker talk about PRIMA-1Met?
- A. To describe a novel treatment for cancer
- B. To discuss the side effects of chemotherapy
- C. To introduce a new protein discovery
- D. To talk about the mutation of P53 protein
#5 **Detail:** What function does the P53 protein normally serve?
- A. It promotes DNA repair to prevent the formation of cancer cells
- B. It acts as a catalyst for tumor growth
- C. It inactivates other proteins
- D. It promotes cell growth
#6 **Detail:** How does PRIMA-1Met work according to the lecture?
- A. It kills all cells, cancerous and healthy alike
- B. It reactivates mutant P53 and restores its normal function
- C. It eliminates side effects of chemotherapy
- D. It slows down cell growth
#7 **Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude:** What is the speaker's attitude towards the discovery of PRIMA-1Met?
- A. Indifferent
- B. Skeptical
- C. Optimistic
- D. Critical
#8 **Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude:** How does the speaker feel about the potential of PRIMA-1Met in cancer treatment?
- A. Hesitant
- B. Hopeful
- C. Unconvinced
- D. Negative
#9 **Understanding the Function:** What does the speaker mean when they say, "This is just the beginning"?
- A. PRIMA-1Met is already being used in treatments
- B. The protein P53 has just been discovered
- C. More research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of PRIMA-1Met
- D. Cancer has just begun to be understood
#10 **Understanding the Function:** Why does the speaker discuss the impact of traditional chemotherapy treatments?
- A. To illustrate the drawbacks of existing treatments
- B. To promote PRIMA-1Met as a substitute
- C. To discuss the benefits of chemotherapy
- D. To contrast it with surgery
#11 **Making Inferences:** What can be inferred about the impact of this discovery on personalized medicine?
- A. It has no relation
- B. It could potentially aid its development
- C. It would cause a delay in its progress
- D. It would replace the need for personalized medicine
#12 **Making Inferences:** What does the speaker imply about the future of cancer treatment?
- A. There is no hope for improvement
- B. Traditional chemotherapy will always be the primary treatment
- C. There may be less harmful treatment options in the future
- D. Cancer will soon be completely curable
#13 **Understanding Organization:** How does the speaker organize the information about PRIMA-1Met?
- A. By discussing its discovery, function, and potential
- B. By discussing its side effects, cost, and availability
- C. By discussing its comparison with other proteins
- D. By discussing the scientists involved in its discovery
#14 **Understanding Organization:** Why does the speaker mention the need for more clinical trials and studies?
- A. To emphasize that the discovery is not yet complete
- B. To criticize the current state of research
- C. To indicate that PRIMA-1Met is unsafe
- D. To stress that the protein P53 is still not well understood
Certainly, here are the answers for each question:
#1 **Gist-Content:** C. The PRIMA-1Met molecule and its potential in cancer treatment
- This lecture mainly focuses on the discovery of a molecule that could potentially revolutionize cancer treatment.
#2 **Gist-Content:** B. It is inactivated or mutated in over 50% of human tumors
- The speaker mentioned that the P53 protein, in more than half of human tumors, is either mutated or inactivated.
#3 **Gist-Purpose:** A. To explain how cancer cells are formed
- The speaker discusses the P53 protein to explain its role in regulating cell growth and its malfunction that leads to cancer.
#4 **Gist-Purpose:** A. To describe a novel treatment for cancer
- The speaker introduces PRIMA-1Met as a molecule that can potentially reactivate P53, offering a new approach to cancer treatment.
#5 **Detail:** A. It promotes DNA repair to prevent the formation of cancer cells
- The speaker states that in its normal state, the P53 protein acts as a tumor suppressor, promoting DNA repair to prevent the formation of cancer cells.
#6 **Detail:** B. It reactivates mutant P53 and restores its normal function
- According to the lecture, PRIMA-1Met works by reactivating the mutated P53 protein, restoring its ability to regulate cell growth and prevent tumor development.
#7 **Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude:** C. Optimistic
- The speaker expresses optimism about the potential of PRIMA-1Met in cancer treatment, referring to the development as a 'significant breakthrough'.
#8 **Understanding The Speaker’s Attitude:** B. Hopeful
- The speaker seems hopeful about PRIMA-1Met providing a less harmful treatment option, thus suggesting a positive attitude.
#9 **Understanding the Function:** C. More research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of PRIMA-1Met
- By saying "This is just the beginning", the speaker means that while the initial discovery is promising, more research and trials are needed to validate PRIMA-1Met's effectiveness and safety.
#10 **Understanding the Function:** A. To illustrate the drawbacks of existing treatments
- The speaker discusses traditional chemotherapy to highlight its drawbacks - particularly, how it targets both cancerous and healthy cells, which leads to severe side effects.
#11 **Making Inferences:** B. It could potentially aid its development
- The speaker implies that this discovery could aid the progress of personalized medicine by providing a more targeted and less harmful treatment option.
#12 **Making Inferences:** C. There may be less harmful treatment options in the future
- The speaker implies that with the discovery of PRIMA-1Met, the future of cancer treatment might see options that are more focused and less harmful than traditional chemotherapy.
#13 **Understanding Organization:** A. By discussing its discovery, function, and potential
- The speaker introduces PRIMA-1Met by first talking about its discovery, then explaining its function, and finally discussing its potential in cancer treatment.
#14 **Understanding Organization:** A. To emphasize that the discovery is not yet complete
- By mentioning the need for more clinical trials and studies, the speaker underscores that while the initial discovery is promising, the research is not yet complete and further validation is needed.
0 Response to "TOEFL IBT Listening Sample #5"
Posting Komentar